Les Quatre Vents de l'esprit

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Les Quatre Vents de l'esprit ("The Four Winds of the Spirit") is a poetry collection by Victor Hugo, published in 1881 in two volumes by Jules Hetzel and Albert Quantin. Hugo had conceived the project as early as 1870, returning to France that year with the material that would form the collection, in a period marked by an uncertain political situation and editorial conflicts that delayed the project. Its provisional title, Toute l'âme, reflected Hugo's aim of presenting a complete, testamentary vision of his poetic art — a "total work" divided into four books: satirical, dramatic, lyric, and epic. Publication was delayed until 1881, when the collection finally appeared in two volumes from Hetzel and Quantin; later editions include the Ollendorff "Édition de l'Imprimerie nationale" of 1908, the Seuil "L'Intégrale" edition of 1972, the Club français du livre chronological edition (1968–1970) under Jean Massin, and the Robert Laffont "Bouquins" edition of 1985. The manuscript of Les Quatre Vents de l'esprit is preserved among the Fonds Victor Hugo. Livre épique — its central poem, La Révolution, survives in manuscript dated 25 December 1857, with its epilogue published separately in 1881 in Les Quatre Vents de l'esprit. Livre dramatique, Les Deux Trouvailles de Gallus — treated in a critical edition and separately discussed by Danièle Gasiglia-Laster in the theatrical review L'Avant-scène théâtre (2003).

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Detalhes

Tipo

Livro

Lançamento

1 de janeiro de 1881

Criado por

Victor Hugo