Nine Herbs Charm

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The Nine Herbs Charm, Nigon Wyrta Galdor, Nine Plants Spell, Lay of the Nine Healing Herbs, or Nine Wort Spell (among other names) is an Old English charm recorded in the tenth century AD. It is part of the Anglo-Saxon medical compilation known as Lacnunga, which survives in the manuscript Harley MS 585 in the British Library. The charm involves the preparation of nine plants, sometimes listed as mugwort, plantain, lamb's cress, betony, chamomile, nettle, crab-apple, chervil, and fennel. The poem contains one of two clear mentions of the god Woden in Old English poetry; the other is Maxims I of the Exeter Book. Robert K. Gordon's translation of the section reads as follows: Nine and three, numbers significant in Germanic paganism and later Germanic folklore, are mentioned frequently throughout the charm. Some scholars have proposed that this passage describes Woden coming to the assistance of the herbs through his use of nine twigs, each twig inscribed with the runic first-letter initial of a plant. According to Gordon, the spell is "clearly an old heathen thing which has been subjected to Christian censorship." Malcolm Laurence Cameron states that chanting the poem aloud results in a "marvellously incantatory effect".

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